The Effects of the Degree of Soil Salinity and the Bio preparation on Productivity of Maize in the Shaulder Irrigated Massif

Abstract

During the study on the Shaulder irrigated massif, the soil salinity maps with different degrees of salinity were compiled at the large-scale 1:10000 in the GIS environment. It was found that the area of saline soils increases with depth. In the upper 0-20 cm layer, 29% is salted and in the 50-100 cm layer, up to 44% is salted. The theory of soil reclamation shows a close relationship between the level of concentration of salts accumulating in the soil and the state of the current crop. Determination of the effect of biopreparation was carried out in field studies. Pre-sowing treatment of maize seeds was carried out using a working solution of C-1-1 adaptogen-preparations in optimal technological modes developed by U.U. Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry. Maize sowing was carried out in May to a depth of 6-8 cm in a common way with row spacing of 70 cm at the rate of 18-20 kg of seeds per 1 ha. Maize plants were sprayed in the phase of 4-5 leaves and 6-7 leaves; when corn forms the first and second tier of nodal roots, plants were sprayed with a biological product “BioEkoGum” with an aqueous solution. The study's findings showed that depending on the degree of soil salinity, the maize yield for grain increased on non-saline soils to 40.0% compared to the control of 71.1 c/ha. In lightly and medium-saline soils-81.2-83.9 c/ha at the control treatment (62.5-63.5 C/ha), the addition to yield was 30.0-32.1%, respectively. In highly saline soils, the yield of maize grain was 11.4 %, with the yield under control-47.1 C/ha. Application of biological preparation in the conditions of Shaulder irrigated massif allows making an income from 162.6 to 884.2 $ per 1 ha.