Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: A Case Report

Abstract

Problem statement: Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis (GLM) or autoimmune mastitis is a rare and benign disease which, except one case reported in an old man, is usually seen during pregnancy or lactation period. This disease was described for the first time by Kessler. Approach: Our case is a 34 year-old woman who has a child with a history of using OCP that primary complaint was swelling, heat and erythema in the right breast. She was diagnosed with mastitis and treated with antibiotics for one month, later on she had experienced stiffness in the breast and a mass was also palpable. The patient was performed surgical drainage and treated with wide spectrum antibiotics being diagnosed with abscess. After one month, a solid mass was palpable so, mammography was performed and the mass was surgically resected with a suspicion of tumor. Results: The pathology report revealed granulomatous mastitis with non caseified granuloma. For Anti-TB treatment was started as medication regime and after 40 days fistula with frequent secretions appeared. Antituberculosis medications stopped and other conditions resulting in none caseified granuloma. In microscopic view granulomatous mastitis along with abscess was reported. Corticosteroids were started and the mass became smaller gradually, the fistula also closed and secretions dried out. Conclusion: Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis is a benign inflammatory breast disease. Cause of disease is still unknown, but some factors have been suggested such as local autoimmune, reaction to the delivery, previous use of contraceptives and infectious causes. The best treatment proposed is corticosteroid therapy in which the mass dwindle and the fistula is closed and secretions dried. The case is now under treatment with corticosteroids and all her symptoms have improved.